P\\w. _meyw, hfˬ, PohnXw

F.Un. 577 G{]n 17(d.AÆÂ 12)\v Atd_ybnse a¡bnemWv apl½Zv \_n(k) P\n¨Xv.]nXmhv A_vZpÃmlv. amXmhv hl_nsâ aIÄ Ban\. IpSpw_w Jpssdiv hwi¯nse lnimw. AamenJv, PpÀlpw, JpkmA tKm{X§Ä¡ptijw IA_ ]cn]men¨v t]m¶ncp¶ a¡bnse D¶X Xdhm«pImcmbncp¶p lnimw.
P· kab¯p Xs¶ [mcmfw AÛpX kw`h§Ä Zriyambn. Aán ]qPIcmb t]Àjy¡mÀ hÀj§fmbn AWbmsX kq7#n¨ncp¶ XoIpWvTw AWbpIbpw IAv_bnse _nw_§Ä XIp¯n hogpIbpw sNbvXp. P\n¡pt¼mÄ Xs¶ Ipªnsâ tNemIÀaw sN¿s¸«ncp¶p. I®n kpdpa FgpXpIbpw incÊnepw ta\nbpepw F® ]pc«pIbpw sNbvXpcp¶p. P\n¨bpSs\ ]nXmal³ A_vZp apYzen_v Ipªns\ ]cnip² IA_bnte¡v sImWvSv t]mIpIbpw apl½Zv(hmgvXs¸«h³)¶v \maIcWw sN¿pIbpw sNbvXp. XmcXtays\ Ad_nIÄ¡nSbn A]cnNnXambncp¶p Cu\maw. Xsâ ]u{X³ BImi¯pw `qanbpepw hmgvXs¸«h\mIm³ Xm\m{Kln¡p¶psh¶mWv CtXIpdn¨v At±lw adp]Sn ]dªXv.
_meyw, hfˬ.
]pXnsbmcp Ipªvv ]nd¶m Ipªns\ {KmaoW kv{XoIÄ¡v apesImSp¡m\v
GÂ]¡ps¶mcp k{¼Zmbw A¡me¯v a¡bnepWvSmbncp¶p. CX\pkcn¨v _\pkAZnse leoam_ohn(d)apl½Zv \_n(k)sb GsäSp¯p. C¡mebfhn leoabpsS ho«n k¼Â karZamhpIbpw BSpamSpIÄ XSn¨v sImgp¡pIbpw hr£eXmXnIÄ Akm[mcWamwhn[w ]¨]nSn¡pIbpw sNbvXpsh¶v Ncn{X {KÙ§fn ImWmw. CtX Ime¯p Xs¶bmWv, leoam_ohnbpsS aI\mb Pwd¯nsâ IqsS BSpta¡m³ t]mbt¸mÄ A]cnNnXcmb aq¶v shÅ hkv{X[mcnIfmbhÀ h¶v apl½Zv \_n(k)bpsS s\©v ]nfÀ¯n amen\y¯n \n¶v apàam¡pIbpw sNbvXXv.Cu kw`h¯n\v tijw leoam_ohn apl½Zv \_n(k)sb amXmhn\p Xs¶ Xncn¨v \ÂIn. A_vko\nbbnÂ\n¶v h¶ GXm\pw PqX ]ptcmlnX·mÀ {]hoNIsc t\m¡n ]ndp]ndp¯XmWv ImcWsa¶pw ]dbs¸Sp¶p.leoao_oh¡p ]pdsa kz´w amXmhv D½p sFa\pw knssh_bpw AhnSt¯¡v ape sImSp¯n«pWvSv.
PohnXw
apl½Zv \_n(k)bpsS P\\¯n\p ap¼v Xs¶ ]nXmhv CltemI hmkw shSnªncn¶p. Bdmw hbÊn amXmhpw acWs¸«p. A\´cw A©v hÀjt¯mfw A_vZp apYzen_pw XpSÀ¶v ]nXrhy³ A_qYmen_pw apl½Zv \_n(k)sb hfÀ¯n. At±l¯nsâ IqsS Xsâ ]{´WvSmw hbÊn {]hmNI³ imante¡v bm{X t]mIpIbpWvSmbn. Cubm{XbnemWv _pkvdbnse _pssldsb¶ {IkvXy³ ]ptcmlnX³ apl½Zv \_n(k)sb t\m¡n CXv hcm\ncn¡p¶ Ahkm\ {]hmNI³ X¶bmW¶v {]hNn¨Xv. Ipªns\ PqX·mcpsS I®n s]SmsX kq£n¡Wsa¶pw D]tZin¨p.
Xsâ ]Xn\©mw hbÊn JpssdivþssJkvþIn\m\ tKm{X§Ä¡nSbn Act§dnb ^nPmÀ bp²¯nepw {]apJ Atd_y³ tKm{X§Ä¡nSbn \S¶ lnÂ^pÂ^pfq F¶ DS¼Snbnepw apl½Zv \_n (k) ]s¦Sp¡pIbpWvSmbn. ]n¶oSv hÀj§tfmfw CSbhr¯nbnepw GIm´Xbnepambn {]hmNIÀ PohnXw XÅn\o¡n. F¶mÂ, C¡mebfhn Xs¶ kaqlhpambn ]qÀWambn CS]gIm\pw kaql¯nsâ {]iv\§Ä a\Ênem¡m\pw apl½Zv \_n (k) kabw IsWvS¯nbncp¶p. Gsd sshImsX P\§fpsS BZchpw kvt\lhpw ]nSn¨p]äm³ AhnSt¯¡v Ignªp. AÂAao³ (hnizkvX³) F¶mbncp¶p BfpIÄ apl½Zv \_n(k)sb hnfn¨ncp¶Xv.
Xsâ 25þmw hbÊnÂ, a¡bnse {]apJhym]mcnbpw Ipeo\bpambncp¶ JZoPbpsS hym]mcmhiymÀ°w apl½Zv \_n (k) Hcn¡Â imante¡p t]mhpIbpWvSmbn. bm{XbnepS\ofw taLw {]hmNIÀ¡p XWen«psImSp¡p¶Xmbn klbm{XnI\pw JZoPbpsS `rXy\pamb abvkd {i²n¨ncp¶p. Cu bm{X Gsd em`IcamhpI hgn JZoP apl½Zn(k) sâ kXykÔXbn BIrjvSbmhpIbpw hnhmlmtemN\ \S¯pIbpw sNbvXp. A§s\ \mÂ]¯©pImcnbmb JZoPbpw Ccp]¯©pImc\mb apl½Zv (k) bpw hnhmlnXcmbn. Ccp]Xv H«Iambncp¶p alvÀ. Cu Zm¼Xy¯n apl½Zv (k)¡v Bdp a¡Ä ]nd¶p. cWvSv B¬a¡fpw \mep s]¬a¡fpw. B¬a¡Ä sNdp¸¯n Xs¶ acn¨pt]mbn. JZoP (d) hntbmKw {]m]n¡p¶Xphsc apl½Zv \_n (k) asämcp hnhml_Ô¯nteÀs]SpIbpWvSmbnÃ.
{]hmNIcpsS ap¸¯nb©mw hbÊnemWv JpssdinIfpsS IA_m ]p\À \nÀamWapWvSmbXv. \nÀamW tijw IA_bpsS lPdp AkvhZ¶ ]mh\ ine bYmkvXm\w ]p\:Øm]nt¡WvSXv Bcmbncn¡Wsa¶Xn JpssdinIÄ¡nSbn XÀ¡w aqÀ¨n¡pIbpw Ahkm\w A Aao³ F¶v hnfn¡s¸«ncp¶ apl½Zv (k) Xs¶ {]iv\¯n\v ]cnlmcw \nÀtZin¨p. ine kz´w ssIsImWvSv Hcp hncn¸n sh¨v Hmscm tKm{XmwKs¯bpw Bhncn¸pbÀ¯n Xm³ Xs¶ Ià A\mOmZ\w sN¿pIsb¶mbncp¶p apl½Zv (k) \nÀtZin¨ ]cnlmcw. {]hmNIÀ¡v kzkapZm¯nepWvSmbncp¶ kzmZo\¯n\pw kzoImcyX¡pw Gähpw henb sXfnhmbncp¶p Cukw`hw.