Ckvemapw PmXn k{¼Zmbhpw

P·¯nsâ ASnØm\¯n a\pjysc `n¶X«pIfnem¡n¯ncn¡p¶ Hcp kmaqlnI k{¼Zmbsa¶v \ap¡v PmXobXsb \nÀÆNn¡mw. kaql¯n Hmtcm hyànbpw \nÀÆlnt¡WvS IÀ½ [À½§Ä¡v ]Icw kaqlah\v Xncn¨p\ÂIp¶ Øm\am\§Ä Chsbm¶pw \nÝbn¡p¶Xn hyàn]camb IgnhpIÄt¡m ]cn{ia§Ät¡m bmsXmcp kzm[o\hpanÃ. adn¨v GXv PmXnbn P\n¨p F¶Xns\ B{ibn¨mWv.
a\pjy Ncn{X¯n XpeyXbnÃm¯ ]oU\§fpw D¨\oNXz§fpw Hcp hn`mK¯nsâ ta ASnt¨Â¸n¡m\pÅ D]m[nbmbmWv C´ybnse khÀ®cnXns\ {]tbmKn¨Xv. PohnX¯nsâ kIeXpdIfnepw AhKWn¡s¸« Xmgv¶ PmXn¡mc\v am\pjnI apJw t]mepw A\phZn¡s¸«nÃ. Ahsc ImWp¶Xpw sXmSp¶Xpw tIÄ¡p¶Xpsams¡ khÀ®\v Abn¯hpw AtcmNIhpamWv F¶m Ahsâ ASnatheIfpw ip{iqjIfpsams¡ thWvSpthmfw A\p`hn¡msa¶ \ncÀ°I \bamWv {_mlvaWÀ A\p[mh\w sNbvXpt]m¶Xv. {_mlvaW\n \n¶v Npcp§nbXv 32 ASnsb¦nepw iq{Z³ AI¶p \n¡Wsa¶ s]mXpsh arZpeamb \bamWv tIcf¯nepWvSmbncp¶sX¦n D¯tc´ybn Ah³ shÅw IpSn¡m\m{ibn¨ InWÀ am{Xaà IS¶pt]mb \nc¯pIqSn Aip²amsW¶pw AXn\m ip²nIeimÀ°w ap«n Hcp Nqev sI«msX AhÀ s]mXp\nc¯pIfneqsS \S¶pt]mhcpsX¶papÅ arKob\bamWv D¯tc´ybnse ]ebnS§fnepw A\pimkn¡s¸«ncp¶Xv.
PmXobXsb¶Xv Ime{ItaW C´y³ kaql¯n IS¶pIqSnb Hcp kmaqlnI ZpcmNmcamsW¶pw sslµhXsb AXnsâ t]cn ]gnNmcp¶Xn\À°ansöpw B[p\nI ]ÞnXcn ]ecpw kaÀ°n¡m³ {ian¡mdpWvSv. thZ{KÙ§fn \n¶v PmXobXsb \ymboIcn¡p¶ `mK§sf ASÀ¯nsbSp¡m³ Ignbpsa¦nepw sslµh kwkvImcw PmXn k¦Â¸¯nsâ A`mh¯n A]qÀ®amWv. ImcWw H«pan¡ BNmtcm]Nmc§fpw hnizmkþssk\nIþPohnX{Iahpw AXnsâ GSmIqS§fn _ÔnXamWv. am{XhpaÃ, sslµhXbpsS kphÀ®ImeL«sa¶p KWn¡s¸Sp¶ BÀj `mcXL«¯nemWv Cu k{¼Zmbw Gähpw arKobamb coXnbn \nesImWvSncp¶Xv F¶mWv Ncn{Xw. thZ§Ä, BcWyI§Ä, D]\nj¯p¡Ä, CXnlmk§Ä F¶nhbnse PmXn¡\pIqeamb \nch[n hmIy§fpWvSv. lnµp¡fpsS aqe{]amW§fnsem¶mb a\pkvarXnbnse Hcp hmIyw {it²bamWv. ""iq{Z³ \nµ, CuÀjyX, Al¦mcw XpS§nb at\mtZmj§Ä shSnªv, {_mlvaW, £{Xnb, sshiy·msc ip{iqjn¡pIbpw AXn \n¶p In«p¶XpsImWvSv Pohn¡pIbpw thWw (a\pkvarXn 1: 81þ91) iq{Z·mÀ aq¶v hn`mK§fpsSbpw ASnabmbncn¡Ww (ssX¯cob kwlnX) ""iq{Z\v kz´amb kz¯hmImianÃ. DÅXv GXpkab¯pw Ahsâ bPam\\v kz´ambncn¡pw (alm`mcXw).'' sslµhkaql¯nepw thZ{KÙ§fnepw Hcp t]mse \nc¶p InS¡p¶ C¯cw PmXnNn´IfpsS a\w aSp¸n¡p¶ A\p`h§fmWv {]ikvX ]WvUnX\pw _p²nPohnbpamb _n. BÀ. Awt_ZvIdnsâ a\w amä¯n\v ImcWambsX¶v "F´psImWvSv aXw amäw' F¶ ]pkvXI¯n ]ebnS¯pw At±lw Xpd¶p ImWn¡p¶p. “\miw hnX¡p¶ PmXnsb XIÀ¡m\pw Abn¯w Ahkm\n¸n¡m\pw aXw amäta ]cnlmcapÅq.” (Why for convertion Page 18)
{]]©¯nsâ {kjvSmhpw kwc£I\pamb ssZh¯nsâ GIXzw AwKoIcn¡epw Ahs\ kÀÆmß\m A\pkcn¡epamWtÃm Ckvemw sImWvSÀ°am¡p¶Xv. ssZh¯nsâ GIXzw t]mse am\pjyI¯nsâ sFIyamWv kmaqlnIXe¯nsâ auenI ho£Ww. sshhn[y§fnse GIXzamWv {]]© krjvSn¸n ssZhw ssIsImWvS X¯zw. Ahsâ krjvSnIfn hepXpw sNdpXpw kuµcyhpw _ehpw Ipdªhbpw IqSnbhbpapWvSv. kam\ hÀ¤¯n s]« hkvXp¡Ä t]mepw H¶v asäm¶n\v kmayaÃ. Cu sshhn[yamWhbpsS kuµcy¯nsâbpw ]ckv]cm{ibXz¯nsâbpw B´cnI clkyw. a\pjy\nepw A\nhmcyamb Cu sshPmXyw ZriyamWv. Ahcnepw Idp¯h\pw shfp¯h\pw kv{Xobpw ]pcpj\pw Zcn{Z\pw [\hm\pw Bt]£nIambn ImbnI_ehpw kuµcyhpw Ipdªh\pw DWvSmhpw. ]ckv]cm{ibXzw, k´penXXzw F¶nhbnep]cnbmbn aäp Nne KpW§Ä IqSn CXnepWvSv. kmaqlyimkv{Xhpw CXns\ icnsh¡p¶pWvSv.
Hmtcm hyàn¡pw kz´hpw kzX{´hpamb AØnXzhpw taÂhnemkhpw t\SpIsb¶XmWv Chbnsem¶v. “\n§sf hwi§fpw tKm{X§fpam¡n¯ncn¨Xv ]ckv]cw Xncn¨dnbm³ thWvSnbmsW¶’ JpÀB³ hmIyanXmWpÄs¡mÅp¶Xv. kaql¯nsâ hfÀ¨¡\pkrXambn hyànIÄ¡v hn\jvSamhp¶ Øm\hpw hnemkhpw hosWvSSp¡m³ tKm{X§fpw D]tKm{X§fpambpÅ hn`P\w klmbIamWv. Hcp kaql¯n FÃmhcpw Xpeycpw kaioÀjcpambm BÀ¡pw Bscbpw \nb{´n¡m³ Ignbm¯ AhØbpw AcmPIXzhpw \SamSpw. Hmtcm hyànIÄ¡papÅ anIhpIfpw taÂss¡IfpamWv ]ckv]cw Iogvs]«psImWvSpÅ kpKaamb temI{Ia¯n\v klmbIw. CXmbncn¡mw "\nÝbw \n§fpsS `mjIfpw hÀ®§fpw `n¶ambXn Nn´n¡p¶hÀ¡v ZrjvSm´apsWvS¶, JpÀB³ hmIy¯nsâ [z\n. ssZhw Dt±in¡p¶ ]£w Cu sshPmXy§sfm¶panÃmsX a\pjys\ Hscmä hÀKambn krjvSn¡mhp¶XmWv. “AÃmlp Dt±in¨ncp¶sh¦n \n§sf Hä kaqlam¡nbncp¶p”. F¶m CXphgn AÃmlp CXn \nÝbn¨, \ap¡dnbp¶Xpw AÃm¯Xpamb t\«§f{Xbpw hn\jvSamhpw.
kaqlhn`P\¯nepÅ t\«§f{Xbpw \nÊoaamsW¦n AXnsâ Zqjyhi§Ä {]IShpw \ioIcWmßIhpamWv. Xpey]ZhnIfnepw `n¶ X«pIfnepapÅ cWvSv Xcw hn`P\§fmWtÃm s]mXpsh \S¸nepÅXv. ]ckv]chntZzjw, InSaÕc§Ä F¶nhbpsS cu{Z`mhw hgnbpÅ apcSn¸mWv H¶mas¯ C\w. hn`P\w hgnsh¡p¶sX¦n Xmtg¯«nepÅhtcmSpÅ ]pOw hnthN\mßI kao]\§Ä F¶nhbmWv cWvSmas¯ C\w hn`P\¯nsâ {]XymLmX§Ä. Ad_n temI¯pw bqtdm¸nepw ZoÀLImew \ne\n¶ncp¶ hwiob t]mcpIfpw C´ybnse PmXobXbpw hn`P\¯nsâ Cu cWvSp apJ§sfbmWv {]Xn\n[oIcn¡p¶Xv.
kaql h`P\sa¶ kmÀheuInI {]Xn`mks¯ FXnÀ¡pItbm \in¸n¡pItbm sN¿p¶Xn\v ]Icw AXphgnbpWvSmtb¡mhp¶ s\dntISpIsfbpw hnthN\§sfbpw iàambn \nb{´n¡pIbpw {]Xntcm[n¡pIbpw sN¿pIsb¶XmWv imkv{Xobhpw kzoImcyhpamb \bw. Ckvemansâ \b§fn C¯csamcp `mhamWv \ap¡v Zriyamhp¶Xv. kaql¯nse A\nhmcyamb XncnhpIsf AwKoIcn¨psImWvSv Hcn¡Â {]hmNIÀ(kz) ]dªp: “a\pjyÀ kzÀ®¯nsâbpw shÅnbpsSbpw J\nIsft¸msebmWv. Ahcn D¯aÀ Ckvemansâ A`mh¯nepw km¶n[y¯nepw D¯acpw A[aÀ A[acpambn¯pScpw.’’ AYhm kzÀ®J\nbn \n¶v shÅn e`n¡nsö t]mse A`nPmX IpSpw_¯n A[a\pw \oNIpSpw_¯n D¯a\pw P\n¡pI ZpÀe`amWv. F¶m shÅnbpsS J\nbn \n¶v kzÀ®w e`n¨m AXnsâ aqeyw hIsh¨psImSp¡cpsX¶v CXn\À°anÃtÃm.
a\pjysc AhcpsS kmt¦XnI XncnhpIÄ¡\pkcn¨v, ]ckv]cw \nµn¡pItbm hnthN\mßI kao]\w ssIs¡mÅpItbm sN¿p¶Xns\ Ckvemw IÀi\amsbXnÀ¡p\\p. {]hmNIÀ(kz) Hcn¡Â ]dªp: “Ad_n¡v A\d_nsb¡mtfm Idp¯h\v shfp¯hs\¡mtfm bmsXmcp t{ijvTXbpanÃ. \n§sfÃmw BZan \n¶pw BZw a®n \n¶pw DSseSp¯XmWv”. \oN Pohnsb¶ \nebn FÃmhcpw IsÃdnªv AIäp¶ Hcp sXcphp\mbsbt¸mepw \nµn¡p¶vXv AXns\ krjvSn¨ ssZht¯mSpÅ \nµbmsW¶v kp{]kn² CkvemanI ZmÀi\nI³ Camw Kkmen(d) ]Tn¸n¡p¶p.
AXpsImWvSv aXtam PmXntbm BImccq]tam t\m¡msX apgph³ a\pjyscbpw ka`mh\tbmsS ImWWsa¶XmWv CkvemanI X¯zimkv{Xw. kaql¯nse Xmtg¡nSbnembn KWn¡s¸Sp¶ AhÀ®\mb HcSna A[nImc¯n hcp¶ ]£w F{X henb Ipeo\ PmX\pw Xsâ B`nPmXy¯nsâ ]pdwtamSnIfgn¨psh¨v t\XrXzs¯ A\pkcn¡m³ _m[yØ\msW¶v {]hmNI³(kz) ]Tn¸n¨p. kaql¯nse ZpÀ_e hn`mKamb ASnaIÄ, A_eIÄ, sXmgnemfnIÄ XpS§nbhsc AhaXn¡p¶Xns\¡pdn¨v {]hmNI³(kz) X§fpsS hnShm§Â {]kwK¯n t]mepw kaql¯n\v ap¶dnbn¸v \ÂIpIbpWvSmbn.
kaXz¯nsâbpw kmtlmZcy¯nsâbpw Bib§Ä X¯z¯nsemXp¡n \nÀ¯msX {]mtbmKnIXe¯n {]mhÀ¯nIam¡nsb¶XmWv {]hmNI³(kz)bpsS Gähpw henb khntijX. temIkwkvImc§Ä¡nSbn Ckvemansâ {]m[m\yhpw CXp Xs¶. C´ybnse hensbmcp hn`mKw Ckvemante¡v IS¶ph¶Xv PmXnk{¼Zmb¯nsâ s\dntISpIÄs¡mcp ]cnlmcsa¶ \nebnemWv. Nn´I\pw cmjv{Sob hnN£W\pamb PhlÀem s\lvdp Xsâ ‘Discovery of India’ F¶ ]pkvXI¯nsâ 125 mw t]Pn CXp Xpd¶pk½Xn¡p¶p: ‘‘ssZh¯n\p ap¼n FÃmhcpw XpeycmsW¶ Bibw DbÀ¶hÀ¡pw Xmgv¶hÀ¡pw Xpeyamb AhImit_m[w \ÂIn Ckvemanse amäw.
kmtlmZcyw, ASnØm\kaXzw F¶nh hninjym Xpey s]cpamäw \ntj[n¡s¸«hÀ¡nSbn kzm[o\n¨p.''
am\hkaXz¯n\pw kmtlmZcy¯n\pw Gähpw hnes¸« kw`mh\IfÀ¸n¨ {]hmNIÀ(kz)bpsS Nne hm¡pIÄ kµÀ`§fn \n¶v ASÀ¯nsbSp¯pw ZpÀhymJym\w sNbvXpw Ckvemw PmXnk¦Â]s¯bpw hÀKhnthN\§sfbpw t{]mÂkmln¸n¡p¶psh¶p NneÀ hcp¯n¯oÀ¡m³ {ian¡mdpWvSv. "Fsâ tijw JpssdinIÄ¡ÃmsX Jnem^¯nÔ F¶XmWv Chbnsem¶v. hmkvXh¯n Xsâ tijw kw`hn¡m\ncn¡p¶ Hcp bmYmÀ°ys¯¡pdn¨pÅ {]hN\sa¶Xn Ihnªv JpssdinbÃm¯ asämcmÄ¡pw Jeo^bmhm³ AÀlXbnà Fs¶m¶pw CXn\À°anà F¶XmWv {]Ya]ÞnX]£w. CXpt]mse Xsâ tijw 30 hÀjta Jnem^¯pÅq F¶v asämcn¡Â {]hmNIÀ(kz) ZoÀLho£Ww \S¯pIbpWvSmbn. {]kvXpX Imemh[n Ignªm Jnem^¯v kwhn[m\w ]ncn¨phnSWsas¶m¶pw CXn\À°anÃtÃm. kw`htemI¯v Ch cWvSpw A£cmÀ°w ]peÀ¶p F¶Xv asämcp hkvXpX. "\n§Ä JpssdinIsf ap´n¡W' sa¶ hmIyamWv sXän²cn¡s¸Smhp¶ asämcp iIew. hmkvXh¯n hnizkvXX, am\pjnI KpW§Ä F¶nhbn Ad_nIÄ¡nSbn anI¨p \n¡p¶hcpw IAv_bpsS Imh¡mcpsa¶ \nebn P\§Ä¡nSbn henb Øm\ambncp¶p JpssdinIÄ¡pWvSmbncp¶Xv. {]kvXpXKpW§Ä Ahcn DÅnSt¯mfw Imew AhÀ BZcn¡s¸Sp¶Xv XpScWsat¶ CXn\À°apÅq. P\§fpsS ta X§fpsS ta[mhnXzw ASnt¨Â¸n¨p sImWvSà AhcnXv t\SnsbSp¯Xv. adn¨v P\§Ä kza\Êmse hIsh¨psImSp¯XmWv. {]hmNI ISpw_¯n\v C¶pw P\§fnXp \ÂInt¸mcp¶pWvSv. F¶m A\Àl\mb Hcp Jpssdinsb AÀl\mb A]cs\¡mÄ Hcp Imcy¯nepw ap´n¡m³ Hcp \ymbhpanÃ.
Ckvemansâ kaXz¯n\pw ka`mh\¡psaXnsc ]e apkvenw P\hn`mK§Ä¡nSbnepw hninjym D¯tc´y³apkvenwIÄ¡nSbn hÀKhnthN\¯nsâ ]e Ahnip² {]hWXIfpw IWvSphcp¶p F¶Xv Hc\ntj[y hkvXpXbmWv. hÀ® hnthN\§Ä sImSnIp¯nhmgp¶ Aapkvenw P\XbpambpÅ k¼À¡tam, CkvemanI kwkvImc¯nsâ kmaqlnI ssNX\yw thWvSpthmfw DÄs¡mWvSn«nÃm¯ ]qÀÆnIcn \n¶p ]IÀ¶pIn«nb ]mc¼cy§fpsS Xncpt¯WvSm¯ tijn¸pItfm Bbncn¡mw CXn\p ImcWw. GXmbncp¶mepw CXnsâ D¯chmZnXzw Ckvemansâ ta Btcm]n¡p¶Xv DNnXaÃ.