a¿n¯v Ipfn¸n¡epw I^³ sN¿epw

XWp¯ shÅamWv a¿n¯v Ipfn¸n¡m³ D¯aw. shdpw shÅt¯¡mÄ \ÃXv, IS shÅamWv. XWp¸IäpI, Agp¡v \o¡pI XpS§nb Bhiyw t\cn«m NqSpshÅamWv D¯aw. (alÃn: 1/323). a¿n¯v Ipfn¸n¡p¶h\pw klmbnIfpw a¿n¯nsâ c£nXmhpaÃm¯ Bcpw Ipfn¸pcbn {]thin¡cpXv. a¿n¯nsâ icoc¯n ImWp¶ clkyImcy§Ä ]ckyam¡pIbpw ap«ps]m¡nfnsâ CSbnepÅ Øew t\m¡epw sXmSepw ldmamWv. AÃm¯ Øew t\m¡mXncn¡emWv kp¶¯v. a¿n¯nsâ icocw kv]Àin¡mXncn¡m\mbn a¿n¯v Ipfn¸n¡p¶h³ ssIbn ioe NpäWw. (apKv\n:1/358)
a¿n¯nsâ icocamkIew shÅw tNÀ¡Â \nÀ_ÔamWv. tNemIÀaw sN¿m¯ a¿n¯nsâ enwKm{K NÀa¯nte¡v shÅw tNcp¶nsæn Xb½pw IqSn sNbvXp sImSp¡Ww. (apKv\n: 1/158) AXp \nÀ_ÔamWv. IpfnbpsS BZytam Ipfn Igntªm Xb½pamImw. Ipfn¸n¡pt¼mÄ a¿n¯ns\ I«nen InS¯epw I«nensâ Xe`mKw AÂ]w DbÀ¯epw kp¶¯mWv. càkm£nbÃm¯ FÃm apkvenw a¿n¯ns\bpw Ipfn¸n¡Â \ap¡v \nÀ_ÔamWv. HcmÄ shůn hoWpacn¨p Asæn Hcp a¿n¯ns\ ae¡pIÄ Ipfn¸n¡p¶Xv \mw IWvSp, F¶mepw B a¿n¯ns\ Ipfn¸n¡Â \ap¡v \nÀ_Ôw Xs¶. (^Xvlp apCu³:107) Ipfn¸n¡m³ IgnbmsX h¶m X¿½pw sN¿Ww. Ipfn¸n¡mt\m Xb½pw sNbvXp sImSp¡mt\m km[n¡m¯ a¿n¯nsâ t]cn \S¯s¸Sp¶ \nkvImcw km[phmhpIbnÃ.
a¿n¯v Ipfn¡v \n¿¯v \nÀ_ÔanÃ. (\nlmb 2/442 ) kp¶¯mWv. F¶m hpfphn\v \n¿¯v \nÀ_ÔamWv. a¿ns\ Bcp sXm«mepw a¿n¯nsâ hpfp apdnbpIbnÃ. Ipfn¸n¨ tijw ap³Zzmc¯n IpSntbm ]n³Zzmc¯n IqSntbm hÃXpw ]pds¸«m IgpInbm aXn. hpfp aSt¡WvSXnÃ. (^Xvlp apCu³: 107) BÀ¯hapÅt¸mÄ Ipfn¸n¡p¶Xnt\m AXn klmbn¡p¶Xnt\m hntcm[anÃ. henb Aip²ntbmsS acWs¸«m a¿n¯vIpfn am{Xw aXnbmIp¶XmWv. a¿n¯nsâ \J§fpw apSnIfpw \o¡cpXv. ]ncnª apSnIÄ IgpIn I^³]pSbn sht¡WvSXmWv.
HcmÄ Ahbh§Ä Nn¶n¨nXdn acn¡pIbpw hyXykvX L«§fn Hmtcm Ahbh§Ä In«pIbpw sNbvXm In«nbXn\v (thsd thsdsb¦nÂ) I^³sN¿epw Ipfn¸n¡epw \nkvIcn¡epw adhv sN¿epw \nÀ_ÔamWv. F¶m \nkvImc¯n Cu P\mkbpsS t]cn \nkvIcn¡p¶p F¶p IcpXWw. Poh\pÅ hyànbn \n¶pw ]ncnªp In«nb AhbhamsW¦n adhv sNbvXm am{Xw aXn.
a\pjycq]w ]qÀWX {]m]n¡msX {]khn¡s¸« a\pjyIp«nsb adhv sN¿Â kp¶¯mWv. a\pjycq]w ]qÀWamb tijw Poh\nÃmsX {]khn¡s¸«m \nkvImcaÃm¯ FÃm Imcyhpw sN¿Â \nÀ_ÔamWv. {]kh kabw i_vZtam A\¡tam DWvSmb tijw acn¨XmsW¦n \nkvImcapÄs¸« FÃm Imcy§fpw sN¿Â \nÀ_ÔamWv. (apKv\n:1/350-þ351)
]pcpj a¿n¯v Ipfn¸n¡m³ ]pcpj\pw kv{Xo a¿n¯v Ipfn¸n¡m³ kv{Xo¡pamWv AÀlX. ]pcpj³amcpsS a¿n¯v kv{XoIÄt¡m kv{XoIfpsS a¿n¯v ]pcpj³amÀt¡m Ipfn¸n¡m³ ]mSnÃ. F¶m `À¯mhns\ `mcy¡pw `mcysb `À¯mhn\pw Ipfn¸n¡mhp¶XmWv. (apKv\n: 1/334,335)
a¿n¯v Ipfn¸n¡m³ Gähpw \ÃXv Xmsg ]dbp¶hcmWv. a¿n¯v ]pcpjtâXmsW¦n ]nXmhv, ]nXmal³, aI³, t]caI³ (]u{X³), ktlmZc³, ktlmZc]p{X³, ]nXrhy³ AhcpsS B¬a¡Ä, CXc IpSpw_mZnIÄ, A\y]pcpj³amÀ F¶o {Ia¯n\\pkcn¨v kv{XobmsW¦n D½, D½bpsS D½, aIÄ, aIfpsS aIÄ, ]nXrktlmZcn, amXr ktlmZcn, AhcpsS s]¬a¡Ä, A\ykv{XoIÄ, `À¯mhv,
Ipfn¸n¡p¶Xnsâ ]qÀWcq]w
P\ ZrjvSnbn \n¶v adbpw hn[w {]tXyI Øe¯v I«ntem ]eItbm Hcp `mKapbÀ¯n a¿n¯nsâ Xe DbÀ¶ `mK¯m¡n aeÀ¯n¡nS¯pI. icocw apgph³ hkv{Xw sImWvSv aqSpI. Ipfn¸n¡p¶h³ a¿n¯nsâ CSXv `mK¯v \n¡pI. ]n¶oSv a¿n¯ns\ Xm§n a¿n¯n Ipfn¸n¡p¶hsâ heXv ap«pIm a¿n¯nsâ apXpInt\mSv tNÀ¯n I«nen Ibänsh¡pI. heXpssI XÅhnc ]ncSn¡pgnbnemIpw hn[w ]nSn¡pI. CSXp ssIsImWvSv hbÀ AaÀ¯n BhÀ¯n¨p XShpI. XZhkcw aeaq{X hnkÀÖ\ km[yXbpÅXn\m [mcmfw shÅw Hgn¡pIbpw kpKÔ {Zhyw ]pI¸n¡pIbpw thWw. tijw BZy cq]¯n aeÀ¯n¡nS¯pI. CSXp ssIbn ioe Npän ap³Zzchpw ]n³Zzmchpw ip²nbm¡Ww. ]n¶oSv a¿n¯n Npänb ioe amän ]pXnb ioe Npän NqWvSvhnc sImWvSv hmb Xpd¡msX ]Ãn am{Xw Dc¡pI. sNdphnc sImWvSv aq¡nepÅ Agp¡pIÄ \o¡pI. NIncn, {_jv t]mepÅXv sImWvSv ankvhm¡v sNbvXpsImSp¡cpXv.
]n¶oSv ]cn]qÀW hpfqAv DWvSm¡ns¡mSp¡pI. a¿n¯n\v hpfqAv DWvSm¡ns¡mSp¡p¶p F¶ \n¿¯v sNbvXm aXn. hpfqCsâ FÃm kp¶¯pIfpw \nÀhln¡Ww. F¦nepw DÅnte¡v shÅw tNcmXncn¡m³ thWvSn hmbn shÅw Ip¹n¡pt¼mÄ Xe sNcn¡Ww.
\J¯n\nSbnse sNfn abapÅ sImÅn sImWvSv \o¡Ww. tkmt¸m Xmfntbm tNÀ¶ shÅw sImWvSv XmSn DÄs¸sS XeIgpIWw. XZhkcw ]ÃI¶ NoÀ¸v sImWvSv XmSnbpw XeapSnbpw NoIWw. ]n¶oSv hes¯ ap³`mKw ]ncSn apX ]mZw hsc tkm¸v shÅw sImWvSv IgpIWw. tijw CSXp ap³`mKhpw A{]Imcw IgpIWw. tijw CSXp ap³`mKhpw A{]Imcw IgpIWw. ]n¶oSv a¿n¯ns\ CSXv `mKt¯¡v sNcn¨v InS¯n hes¯ ]n³`mKw ]ncSnapX ]mZwhsc tkm¸v shÅw sImWvSv IgpIpI. ]n¶oSv heXp `mKt¯¡v Xncn¨p InS¯n CSXv ]n³`mKhpw A{]Imcw IgpIWw. ]n¶oSv aeÀ¯n¡nS¯n Xe apX Im hsc Hcp {]mhniyw shÅsamgn¡Ww. ]n¶oSv ^Àfmb Ipfnsb Rm³ Ipfn¸n¡p¶p F¶v \n¿¯v sNbvXv ip²amb shÅw Xe apX Im hsc aq¶v XhW Hgn¡pI. Ahkm\ L«¯n AÂ]w IÀ]qcw tNÀ¯ shÅw Hgn¡phm³ ]dª coXnbntem a¿n¯ns\ Ccp¯ntbm Hgn¡mhp¶XmWv. ]n¶oSv \à ioe sImWvSv icocamkIew tXmÀ¯Ww. (alÃn: 1/323þ324)
I^³ sN¿Â
PohnXIme¯v [cn¡m³ A\phZ\obamb hkv{Xw sImWvSmWv I^³ sNt¿WvSXv. AXp shfp¯Xpw Ae¡nbXpambncn¡Â kp¶¯mWv. icocamkIew ad¡p¶ Hcp XpWnbmWv \nÀ_Ôw. kv{XobmsW¦n Hcp apJa¡\bpw, \of³ Ip¸mbhpw AcbpSp¸pw icocw apgph³ ad¡m³ Ignbp¶ cWvSv IjvWw XpWnbpamWp¯aw. ]pcpj\msW¦n aq¶v IjvWw XpWnbpw F¶m AhbpsS Xmsg Hcp Xe¸mhpw \of³ Ip¸mbhpw A\phZ\obamWv.
cWvSv t]À¡pw A\phZ\obamb hkv{X§Ä [cn¸n¨ tijw I^³]pSbn a¿n¯ns\ aeÀ¯n¡nS¯Ww. XpWnbpsS CSXp `mKt¯¡pw aS¡n a¿n¯v s]mXntbWvSXmWv. AXn\p ap¼v FÃm Zzmc§fnepw kpPqZn \ne¯p sh¡p¶ FÃm Ahbh§fnepw Dephm³ ]pI¸n¨ ]cp¯n sh¡Ww. I^³ XpWnIfpw kpKÔw ]pI¸n¡Â kp¶¯mWv. I^³ sNbvXm ImÂ, Xe, \Sp F¶nhnS§fn sI«pIbpw J_dn sh¨v {]kvXpX sI«pIÄ Agn¡pIbpw thWw. a¿n¯nsâ IqsS Xo sImWvSp t]mhepw tcmKw t]mepÅ ImcWw IqSmsX hml\¯n t]mIepw Idml¯mWv. a¿n¯v sImWvSpt]mhpt¼mÄ ZnIvÀ sNmàkp¶¯mWv. A\mhiy kwkmc§fpw aäpw XSbm³ AXp]Icn¡pw. a¿n¯pambn thKw \S¡emWv kp¶¯v, a¿n¯ns\ \nµn¡pamdv HmScpXv. P\mksb A\pKan¡Â, a¿n¯v \nkvImcw, adhpsN¿Â XpS§nb acWm\´c IÀa§fn arZph\mbn ]s¦Sp¡Â {ian¡Ww. A§s\ ]s¦Sp¯hÀ¡v cWvSv Jndm¯mWv {]Xn^ew. Hcp Jndm¯v Xs¶ DlvZv aetbmfw hen¸apWvSmIpw. AYhm DlvZv ae cWvSv IqSnbs{X {]Xn^ew a¿n¯ns\ ]qÀWambn ]cn]men¨hÀ¡v e`n¡psa¶ Camw _pJmcn dnt¸mÀ«v sNbvXn«pÅ lZokn \n¶v a\Ênem¡mw. (alÃn:1/330)