Jnbmkv (XmcXayw sN¿pI)

`mjmÀ°¯n Jnbmkv F¶m IW¡m¡pI F¶mWv. kmt¦XnIambn Camw ss_fmhn (d) ]dª t]mse ]ckv]cw Cïn ( lpIvans\ \nÀ_Ôam¡p¶ ImcWw) Xpeyamb cWvSv akvAeIfn a³kzqkv (JpÀB³, lZokv, CPvamAv sImWvSv Øncs¸«Xv) sâ lpIvans\ ]pXnb cWvSmas¯ ^ÀBb akvAe¡pw \ÂIemWv. (Akv\hn Ae an³lmPv) H¶mas¯ akvAebpsS lpIvapw Cïpw Adnbpt¼mgmWv ]pXnbsXm¶v AXnt\mSv sNÀ¡m\mhpI. tNÀ¡Wsa¦n Cïn cWvSv akvAeIfpw XpeyamhpIbpw thWw. Jnbmkn\pÅ A[nImcw apPvXlnZn \n£n]vXambXn\m Xs¶ apPvXlnZnsâ ]cntim[\bn Cïv XpeyamtWm F¶XmWv ]cnKWn¡s¸Sp¶Xv.
idC ASnØm\mhew_§fn \memat¯XmWv Jnbmkv. Jnbmkv ]cnip² JpÀB\neqsS Øncs¸«Xpw lpIvapIsf \nÀ_Ôam¡p¶XamWv. kqd¯p¶nkmAv 59þmw Bb¯n hnh£n¡s¸« AÃmlphnte¡pw dkqen¡papÅ aS¡Â ({]iv\ ]cnlmcw JpÀB³, lZokn F¯n¡mXncn¡pIbpw XZznjbIamb ÇÌãÇÚ Øncs¸SmXncn¡pIbpw sN¿pI) Jnbmkv idC Ahew_amsW¶Xnsâ sXfnhmsW¶v D¶X ioÀjcmb JpÀB³ hymJym\§Ä ]dªn«pWvSv.(dqlp _bm³, X^vkodp A_nkpDuZv). \Ȧhpw \nc¦pihpamb {]tbmK§fmWv D]cypà X^vkodpIÄ Jnbmknsâ Øm]\¯n\v thWvSn D]tbmKn¨Xv. ap¼v D±cn¨ aäp Ahew_§Ä (JpÀB³, lZokv, CPvamAv) t]mse Jnbmkpw ASnØm\mhew_§fn s]«XmsW¶Xn \mev aZvl_nsâ CamapIÄ¡nSbn A`n{]mb `n¶XbnÃ. CXv Xs¶bmWv kp¶n ]WvUnX·mcn \n¶pw Ahm´c hn`mK§fmb apAvXkneo sskZn¿ ]WvUnX·mcn \n¶pw hensbmcp ]£¯nsâ A`n{]mbw.
(fmlncn¿) inbm¡fn s]« Caman¿ hn`mK¯nse A[nI]WvUnXcpw Jnbmkns\ \ncp]m[nIw \ntj[n¨n«pWvSv. F¶m Caman¿¯nse apAvXkne¯n adphn‘mKw ]WvUnX·mÀ ÇÕá (Jnbmkn\v ASnØm\am¡p¶ H¶mw akvAe) sâ ,ÚáÉ ãäÕæÕ BsW¦n (JpÀB³, lZokv, CPvamAv sImWvSv Øncs¸«Xv) Jnbmkv kzoImcyhpw sXfnhpamsW¶pw ÇÕá sâ ÚáÉ þ ãÓÊäÈØ (apPvXlnZn\v KthjW¯n e‘n¡p¶X) BsW¦n Jnbmkv kzoImcyX sXfnthm Asöv D]m[nItfmSv ]dªn«pWvSv. (ÇáÇÍßÇã ÇáÇãÏí. ,ÇáÊäæÚ Úáí ÇáÊæÖíÍ )
idC¿mb lpIvapIfpsS krjvSnIfpsS \·bmWv Dt±yin¡s¸«n«pÅXv. {]tXyI Imcytam ImcW§tfm CÃmsX Hcp hn[nbpw \S¸m¡s¸Sp¶nÃ. kq£aamb Iqe¦jamb Nn´bneqsS \ap¡Xn AS§nbn«pÅ ]e (ÚáÉ ) ImcW§fpw ÍßãÉ (DÄImcyw) §fpw a\Ênem¡m\mhpw. C§s\ akvAeIÄ Hfntªm ÚáÉ IÄ DsWvS¶ncns¡ X¯peyamb akvAeIsf H¶mw akvAebn IWvS ÚáÉ sâ ASnØm\¯n Íßã  GtIm]n¡emWv cWvSmw akvAe¡pw hn[n IsWvS¯m\pÅ hgn.
DZmlcW§Ä :
1) sImebmfn¡v A\´ckz¯n hnlnXw \ntj[n¨v sImWvSv \_n (k) X§Ä ]dªp: “” áÇ íÑË ÇáÞÇÊá ‘’ (sImebmfn A\´cmhIminbmhpIbnÃ) ÔÝÇÁ ÇáÞáíá ) A\´cZmZmhns\ sIm¶v kz¯v s]s«¶v kz´am¡m³ {ian¨Xn\m kz¯v \ntj[n¨v sImWvSv Ahs\ in£n¨psh¶XmWv ImcWw. F¶m æÕíÉ ( Xsâ acWtijw HcmÄ¡v Xsâ kz¯n \n¶v \nÝnX hnlnXw kz¯v hnlnXw e`nt¡WvSh³ s]s«¶v kz¯v e`n¡m³ thWvSn ZmXmhns\ sIm¶m sImebmfn¡v kz¯v D]cypà ImcWapWvSmbXn\v thWvSn e`n¡nsöXmWv hn[n. ChnsS H¶mw akvAetbmSv (A\´c kz¯nsâ kw_Ôn¨pÅ) cWvSmw akvAesb ...  XpeyambXn\m Íßã  GtIm]n¨ncn¡p¶p.
2)\_n (k) X§Ä ]dbp¶p: “”aq¶mÄ IqSnbncn¡pt¼mÄ cWvSmÄ ]ckv]cw kzImcyw ]dbcpXv ‘’ (áÇ íÊäÇÌí ÇËäÇä Ïæä æÇÍÏ. ) (ÓäÏ ÇÍãÏ, ÝÊÍ ÇáÈÇÑí )
ChnsS hntcm[\bpÅ ImcWw aq¶mas\ Ahtlfn¨p kZÊnse acymZ ]men¨nÃ, Cu cWvSv ImcW§fmWv, CXp t]mse¯s¶bmWv aq¶mfpIÄ IqSnbncn¡pt¼mÄ HcmÄ¡pw a\ÊnemIm¯ ‘mjbn cWvSmfpIÄ ]ckv]cw kwkmcn¡epw. ChnsS cWvSmas¯ akvAesb H¶ma¯Xnt\mSv Jnbmkm¡nbXmWv.
Jnbmknsâ dnIv\pIÄ
Jnbmkn\v \mev dpIv\pIfmbWnÅXv. 1þ ÇáãÞíÓ Úáíå 2þ ÇáãÞíÓ 3þ ÇáÍßã. 4þ ÚáÉ
1) ÇáãÞíÓ Úáíå þ Jnbmkn\v B[mcamb Íßã ]dbs¸« kw‘hamWnXv. CXn\v ÇÕá “ASnØm\w’ F¶pw ]dbp¶p.
2) ÇáãÞíÓ þ Jnbmknsâ B[mcamb Íßã ]dbs¸« H¶mw akvAetbmSv Xpeyamb akvAebmWnXv. ]t£, CXnsâ Íßã idC hyàam¡m¯Xn\m H¶ma¯Xnt\mSv CXns\ \mw Jnbmkv þtNÀ¡Âþ Dt±in¡p¶p. CXn\v ÝÑÚ F¶p ]dbp¶p.
3) ÇáÍßã. þ Jnbmkn\v B[mcambn ]dbs¸« H¶mw akvAe (ÇÕá ) sâ hn[nbmWnXv. Cu Íßã äÕ (JpÀB³, lZokv) sImtWvSm ÇÌãÇÚ sImtWvSm Øncs¸«Xmbncn¡Ww.
4) ÚáÉ. þ H¶pw cWvSpw akvAeIsf Íßã  GtIm]n¸n¡p¶ s]mXpLSIamWv ÚáÉ . CXv JpÀB³, lmZokv, CPvamAv sImWvSv Øncs¸«tXm apPvXlnZnsâ KthjW¯nepw t_m[yamIp¶tXm Bhmw.
]ckv]cw ÚáÉ Â XpeyambXn\m cWvSpw akvAeIsfbpw Íßã  GtIm]n¸n¡emWv Jnbmknsâ dnkÄ«v.
Jnbmkv \ntj[nIfpsS sXfnhpIÄ
1þ “Jbmkv’ AJWvUnasöpw AXnsâ B[mcw Dul]chpw kwibmkv]ZhpamsW¶mWv \ntj[nIfpsS hmZw. Jnbmkn \n¶pw (Ùä ) shdpw Dul§Ä am{Xta e`n¡pIbpÅq. Ùä  \n¶v kXyw (ÍÞ ) e`n¡pIbnsöv JpÀB\n AÃmlp]dªn«pWvSv (äÌã :23) \n\¡v hyàhpw kv]jvShpamb Úm\anÃm¯Xn\m Cu CSs]ScpXv’’ ¶v (ÇÓÑÇÁ : 36) asämcp kqà¯n ImWmw.
F¶m C¯cw kqà§Ä hnizk]camb Imcy§fn Ùä ]n´pScp¶Xns\bpw tZtlO¡\pkrXambn Pohn¡p¶Xns\bpw “hÀPn¡\p’Å IÂ]\IfmsW¶ hensbmcp hn`mKw ]WvUnXcpsS A`n{]mbw C¯cw hymP{]NcW§sf AÀ°i¦¡nSanÃm¯ hn[w \ntj[n¡p¶p. ImcWw aZvl_Ifnse {]_eamb ,,, IÄ {]Imcw apPvXlnZnsâ Ùä \v íÞíä ( Dd¸nsâ ) Øm\amWpÅXv.
2þ BZyambn “Jnbmkv’ C_veokmWv. BZw (A) \v kPqZv sN¿m³ Iev]n¡s¸«t¸mÄ BZant\¡mÄ “krjvS’bn BZan\v Rm³ kpPqZv sN¿pItbm F¶v ]pÑhpw Al¦mchpw IeÀ¶ kzc¯n tNmZn¡pIbpw sNbvXp. (ÓæÑÉ ÇáÇÚÑÇÝ :12) C_veokmWv Jnbmknsâ {]mcw`I³, ]ng¨hÀ XpS§nbXv ]ng¨pXs¶bmbncn¡pw.
F¶m C¯cw s\mWvSn \ymb§Ä “Jnbmkn’ sâ {]_eX¡v If¦aÃ. C_veokv i]vX\pw Al¦mc apSnX\pamXpw shdpw Jnbmkv \S¯nbXn\meÃ. adn¨v Jnbmkns\ IÅambpw AØm\¯mbpw D]tbmKn¨Xn\memWv. äÕ s\Xnsc ÇÌÊåÇÏ ]mSnÃ. AÃmlphnsâ ( C_veokS¡apÅhtcmSv ) kv]jvSambn Xs¶ kmjvSmwKw sN¿m³ ]dbmdpsWvS¶ncns¡ ÇÌÊåÇÏ AØm\¯pw [n¡mchpw ssZh\nµbpamWv.
3þ Jnbmkv icoA¯nsâ ]qÀ®Xbv¡v A]hmZamWv. ]cnip²JpÀB\pw Xncpkp¶¯pw FÃm {]iv\§Ä¡pw {]Xnhn[n IWvSn«pWvSv. äÕ DÄs¸Sp¯m¯Xmbn hÃXpw \½psS ZrjvSnbn ]cnNbs¸SpIbmsW¦n Íßã IÄ ]dbs¸Sm¯Xnsâ Íßã lememsW¶v (ÇáÇÈÇÍÉ ÇáÇÕáíÉ ) \mw hn[n¡p¶p. “” `qanbnepÅ FÃmw a\pjysâ \·¡v krjvSn¡s¸«XmsW¶v AÃmlp ]dªn«pWvStÃm’’ (_Jd: 29)
F¶m C¯cw kwib§Ä Ip_p²nIfpsS Pev]\§fpw Aev]Úm\nIfpsS hnSphmb¯§fpamsW¶v sNdnb Nn´bneqsS \ap¡v t_m[yamIpw. äÕ ImWm¯Xns\ Ipdns¨Ãmw ÍáÇá BsW¶v ]dbm³ ]mSnÃ. ÚáÉ kaamb cWvSv akvAeIfn hyXykvX Íßã IÄ \ÂIpIsb¶XmWv icoA¯n\v A]hmZhpw A]qÀ®Xbpw. cWvSv akvAefpw Htc lpIvav \ÂIpIbmWv At¸mÄ thWvSXv. apPvXlnZpIfmWv “Jnbmkv’ \S¯p¶Xv. Iqe¦njamb KthjW \nehmc§fneqsSbmWv AhÀ Íßã Øm]n¡p¶Xv. Jnbmkn\v JpÀB\nepw lZoknepw F{Xtbm sXfnhpIÄ \ap¡v ImWm\mhpw.
1.Jnbmkv Hcp{]amWamWv
Jnbmknsâ {]mamWnX¡v Nne sXfnhpIÄ NphsS tNÀ¡p¶p:
JpÀB\n \n¶v:
1) JpÀB\nÂ, aZo\bnse PqXtKm{Xamb “_\qkmfndn’ sâ A]Nbw hnhcn¨v sImWvSv ]dª kqà¯nsâ Ahkm\w (livdv: 2) “ ÝÇÚÊÈÑæÇ íÇ Çæáí ÇáÇÈÕÇÑ . ‘ “DÄImgvNbpÅhÀ ]mTapÄsImÅs«’ F¶v ImWmw. \_n X§Ä aZo\bnse¯nbt¸mÄ apkvenwItfmSv bp²¯nteÀs¸SpIbnsöv kÔnsNbvXncp¶ AhÀ ]nÂIme¯v kÔns]mfn¡pIbpw apkvenwIÄs¡Xncn XncnbpIbpw sNbvXt¸mÄ \_n (k) iàcpw k¼¶cpamb Ah\p aZo\bn \n¶pw \nµycmbn \mSpIS¯pIbmbncp¶p. (ÓæÑÉ ÇáÍÔÑ, ÇÈä ßËíÑ . ) AhtlfnXcmb ChÀ kz´w \mSpw ]mÀ¸nS§fpw \jvSs¸«v iman A`bw tXSpIbmbncp¶p. ChcpsS XIÀ¨bn hensbmcp ]mTapWvSv. A{Ia¯\pw h©\¡pw a\pjy³ Xnà ^ew A\p`hnt¡WvSn hcpsa¶pw AXpt]mepÅ Zpc´§Ä \ap¡pw `hn¡psa¶pw.
C¯cw [mcmfw DZmlcW§Ä ]cnip² JpÀB\n \ap¡v ImWm\mhpw. Ahs¡Ãmw ]pdsa JpÀB\n ]e Íßã. Ifpw hnhcn¡pt¼mÄ IqsS ÚáÉ ]dbs¸«Xmbn ImWmw. B ÚáÉ. BWv Íßã DWvSmhm³ ImcWsa¶ kqN\ AXn AS§nbn«pWvSv; ÚáÉ DWvSmhpt¼mÄ Íßã DWvSmhpIbpw CÃmXncn¡pt¼mÄ adn¨pw kw‘hn¡p¶p.
lZokn \n¶v:
2) \_n (k) aBZv (d) s\ ba\nte¡v Zo³]Tn¸n¡m³ \ntbmKn¨t¸mÄ {]iv\]cnlm§Ä JpÀB\nepw lZoknepw km[yambnsæn ÇÌÊåÇÏ \S¯m³ A\paXn \ÂInbXmbn ImWmw. (ÇÎÈÇÑ ÇáÞÖÇÉ , ÇáÑæÖ ÇáäÖíÑ , ÇáÝÞíå æÇáãäÝÞÉ . ). Jnbmkn cWvSmw akvAe (ÝÑÚ ) Øncs¸Sp¶Xv cWvSv akvAebpw ÚáÉ XpeyamtWmsb¶v ÇÌÊåÇÏ eqsSbmWtÃm.... ASnØm\¯n Jnbmkv hywKyamb kqN\bpWvSv.
3) \_n (k) ]e akvAeIfnepw Jnbmkv Ahew_n¨Xmbn lZokpIfn \n¶pw a\Ênem¡mw. “” Xsâ A\mtcmKyhm\mb ]nXmhn\v BtcmKyIme¯v \jvSs¸« lÖv Rm³ ]Icw sN¿s«sb¶v At\zjn¨ kv{XotbmSv \_n (k) Xncn¨v tNmZn¨p : ktlmZco, IS_m[nX\mb \nsâ ]nXmhnsâ ISw \o ho«nbm aXnbmIptam? alXn ]dªp: AsX, “” F¶m AÃmlphnsâ IS (ChnsS lÖv) amWv IqSpX _m[yXbpÅXpw BZyw hot«WvSXpw. (ÕÍíÍ ÇáÈÎÇÑí , ÓäÏ ÇÍãÏ . , ÓäÏ ÇáÔÇÝÚí ) cWvSpIS§fpw (AÃmlphpambpÅXpw a\pjyÀ¡nSbnepÅXpw) hyànbpsS _m[yXbmsW¶XmWp ImcWw.
CPvamCÂ \n¶v:
4) Jnbmkns\ idCu Ahew_am¡n kzlm_nIÄ ({]XyIn¨pw Jpe^mDÀdminZpIÄ) ]e aXhn[nIfpw \S¸nem¡nbXv kpk½Xamb bmYmÀ°y§fmWv. A_q_¡À (d) kImXv \ntj[nItfmSv bp²w {]Jym]n¨Xv Jnbmkv Ahew_am¡nbmbncp¶p. “\nkvImcw \ntj[n¨hÀ t]msebmWv kImXv \ntj[nIfpw. AhÀ¡nSbn Rms\mcp hyXymkhpw ImWp¶nÃ. ‘ Jeo^ ]dbp¶p. \nÀtem`w \nÀÆln¡s¸tSWvS cWvSp \nÀ_Ô_m[yXbpÅ IÀa§Ä Dt]£n¨v sh¶XmWv ImcWw.
5) Jeo^ DaÀ (d) KhÀWdmb A_q aqk AjvAcn¡v FgpXnb I¯n C§s\ ImWmw. “” JpÀB\nepw lZoknepw {]Xn]mZyaÃm¯ {]iv\§Ä hcpt¼mÄ Nn´bpw Imcy£aXbpw ssIhnSmsX {]hÀ¯n¡pI; XXyey akvAeIfpsS klmbt¯msS Imcy§Ä ]ckv]cw Xpe\w sNbvXv kXyamsW¶v t_m[yamIp¶ Hcp \nKa\¯n F¯nt¨cpI’’ (ÇÚáÇã ÇáãæÞÚíä , ÓíÑÉ ÚãÑ áÇÈä ÇáÌæÒí )
Jnbmknsâ iÀXzpIÄ
\n_Ô\IÄ ]qÀ®ambpw hne¡s¸Snt¼mtg Jnbmkv ]cnKW\obamhq. \nZm\imkv{X ]WvUnX·mÀ Jnbmknsâ iÀXzpIÄ \membn hn‘Pn¨ncn¡p¶p; 1þ ÇÕá. ( H¶mw akvAe) sâ iÀXzpIÄ. 2—þ Íßã ÇáÇÕá (H¶mw akvAebpsS äÕ sImtWvSm ÇÌãÇÚ sImtWvSm Øncs¸«hn[n) sâ iÀXzpIÄ. 3þ ÝÑÚ (apJokv Bb cWvSmw akvAe) sâ iÀXznIÄ. 4þ ÚáÉ ( cWvSv akvAebnepÅ s]mXpImcWw)sâ iÀXznIÄ. hniZoIcWw Xmsg tNÀ¡p¶p.
1þ ÇÕá sâ iÀXzpIÄ
ÇÕá asämcp ÇÕá sâ ÝÑÚ BIcpXv. AXmbXv ap¼v JnbmkneqsS Øncs¸« Hcp akvAebmIcpXv \mw ChnsS ÇÕá Bbn ]cnKWn¡p¶ akvAe. cWvSmw ÝÑÚ s\ H¶mw ÝÑÚ te¡v tNÀ¡msXXs¶ hn[n t\cs¯ e‘n¨ncn¡p¶psh¶v ImcWw.
2þ Íßã ÇáÇÕá , sâ iÀXzpIÄ
]pXnsbmcp akvAesb ÇÕá t\mSv ]äp¶ hn[w ÇÕá sâ Íßã hyàambncn¡Ww. Hcp s]mXp X¯z¯n ]ncnªv hcp¶tXm BZyta tNÀ¡s¸«tXm Bb Íßã Bbmepw hn[n kv]jvSamhpIbmWv thWvSXv.
s]mXp\nba¯n \n¶pw ]ncnªXn\v DZmlcWw:
Htc C\¯n s]« cWvSv hkvXp¡Ä ]ckv]cw hnÂ]\S¯pt¼mÄ Gä¡pd¨n hcm¯ hn[w Afhnepw Xq¡¯nepw XpeyamWtÃm... ( Link: ÑÈÇ ) F¶m Cu´¸\bnepÅ ]¨ Imc¡ saXn¨v IW¡m¡nb tijw DW§nb Imc¡bpambn I¨hSw lemem¡nbn«pWvSv. P\§Ä¡v ]et¸mgpw AXymhiyambnhcp¶p. C¯cw I¨hS§Ä F¶XmWv ImcWw. CXpt]mse¯s¶bmWv hÅnbnepÅ ]¨ap´ncn DW¡n ap´ncnbpambn I¨hSw \S¯p¶Xpw. (ÇáÑÓÇáÉ , ÇáÈÍÑ ÇáæÇËÞ , ÕÍíÍ ÇáÈÎÇÑí . , ÝÊÍ ÇáÈÇÑí : 289/5) im^n, amen¡n, l¼en aZvl_n am{XamWv C¯cw I¨hS§Ä¡v km[yXbpÅq)
s]mXp\nba¯n \n¶pw ]ncnªXÃm¯Xnsâ hn[n
Hcmfpambn I¨hSw Dd¸n¨ncns¡ asämcmfpambn B hkvXnhn I¨hSw \S¯Â ldmamWv. I¨hSw t]mtem¯Imcy§fpw CXv t]mse¯s¶bmWv. hyànIsf {]bmks¸Sp¯p¶psh¶XmWv ImcWw.
iÀC¿mb IÀa]camb hn[nIfn am{XamWv Jnbmkv A\phZ\obamIp¶Xv. AhXs¶ äÕ sImtWvSm ÇÌãÇÚ sImtWvSm Øncs¸«Xpambncn¡Ww. hnizmk]camb Imcy§fn Jnbmkv A\phZ\obaÃ.
Hcp lpIvansâ Hcp {]tXyI akvAeIÄ¡v _m[Iasöpw aäpsXfnhpIÄ sImWvSv Adnbs¸«m lpIvav Adnbs¸« akvAe B[mcam¡n A\p_ÔakvAeIsf AXnt\mSv tNÀ¡Â A\phZ\obaÃ.
cWvSv km£nIÄ BhiyapÅt¸mÄ \_n (k) Jpsska _n\v km_nXv (d) sâ km£nXzw sImWvSv am{Xw hn[n \S¸nem¡nbXv CXn\v DZmlcWamWv. \_n (k) Jpsska \ÂInb Hcp {]XyI Øm\ambncp¶p AXv.
\_n (k) Hcp {KmaoW\n \n¶v Hcp IpXnc hm§nbncp¶p. ]t£, AbmÄ AXv \ntj[n¡pIbpw \_n (k) tbmSv sXfnhv lmPdm¡m³ ]dbpIbpw sNbvXp. At¸mÄ Jpsska \_n (k) hm§nbXn\v km£n \n¶p. XpSÀ¶v \_n (k) JpsskatbmSv tNmZn¨p: R§fpsS I¨hSw ImWmsX F§s\bmWv F\n¡v thWvSn km£n \n¡pI? Jpsska (d) ]dªp: Xm¦Ä ]dbp¶sXÃmw kXyamsW¶v hnizkn¡p¶ Rm³ CsX§s\ kXyamhmXncn¡pw..! DSs\ \_n (k) ]dªp: “” BÀs¡¦nepw A\pIqeamtbm {]XnIqeamtbm Jpsska (d) km£n \n¶m AX\pkcn¨v hn[n \S¸nem¡s¸Sp¶XmWv’’. At±l¯nsâ km£nXzs¯ cWvSmfpsS km£nXz¯nsâ Øm\¯mbn \nban¨p. (A_q ZmhqZv, C_v\p Jpsska) (ÌãÚ ÇáÌæÇãÚ . : 281).
ÇÈä ÎÒíãÉ , ÇÈæ ÏÇæÏ)
\_n (k) X§fpsS aäp {]tXyIXIfpw C{]Imcw Xs¶.

3þ ÝÑÚ sâ iÀXzpIÄ
1) ÇÕá sâ Cïv ÝÑÚ Dw DWvSmbncn¡Ww. F¶m am{Xta H¶mw akvAetbmSv cWvSmw akvAesb tNÀ¡Â A\phZ\obamhpIbpÅq. C¯cw ÚáÉ Isf IqSmsXbpÅ JnbmkpIsf (ÞíÇÓ ãÚ ÇáÝÇÑÞ . ) ]cnKWn¡pIbnÃ.
2) ÝÑÚ sâ lpIvav aäp \kzpIÄ sImWvSv Øncs¸ScpXv. lpIvav a³kqkv BIpt¼mÄ Jnbmknsâ Bhiyw P\n¡p¶nÃ. Jnbmkv _mYnemWv. F¶m C¯cw JnbmkpIÄ B lpIvans\ IqSpX _es¸Sp¯m³ D]Icn¡psa¶v Nne ]WvUnX·mÀ A‘n{]mbs¸«n«pWvSv. At¸mÄ B lpIvav äÕ sImWvSpw Jnbmkv sImWvSpw Øm]nXambncn¡pw.
4þ ÚáÉ Dw ÚáÉ sâ iÀXzpIfpw
ÚáÉ (cWvSv akvAeIsf ]ckv]cw GtIm]n¸n¡p¶p) Jnbmknsâ kp{][m\amb dpIv\mWv. lpIvan\v t\XrXzsa¶ \ne¡v ÚáÉ s\ IqSpX ]cnNbs¸Smw.
ÚáÉ ¶m ÇÕá  lpIvan\v ImcWamIp¶ ÝÑÚ IÄ¡nSbn s]mXpLSIamsW¶v ]dbmw. lpIvtamSv IqsS ÚáÉ hyàam¡nbpw AÃmsXbpw kw‘hn¡mw. “” AÃmlphnsâbpw dkqensâbpw lpIvapIÄ {]tXyIamb ImcW§Ä ap³\nÀ¯nbmWv \nbaam¡¸«ncn¡p¶Xv” F¶ Camw im^n (d) bpsS cnkmebnse em¡v ÚáÉ s\bmWv kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv.
ÚáÉ F¶m ¢n]vXhpw kv]jvShpamb Hcp hntijWambncn¡pw. ÚáÉ DWvSmIpt¼mÄ lpIvav DWvSmhpIbpw CÃmXncn¡pt¼mÄ lpIvav CÃmXmhpIbpw sN¿p¶p.
D]cypà hniZoIcW¯n \n¶v ÚáÉ Dw Íßã X½nepÅ hyXymkw \ap¡v a\Ênem¡mw. Hcp akvAe¡v {]tXyI lpIvav ]dbs¸Sp¶Xv AXnsâ ÚáÉ, {]ImcamWv. lnIva¯v ASnØm\s¸Sp¯nbÃ. ImcWw ÍßãÉ ¢n]vXambncn¡nÃ. hyXykvXtImWpIfneqsSbmbncn¡pw ÍßãÉ hniZoIcn¡s¸SpI.
DZmlcWambn, sImebmfn¡v Jnkmkv hn[n¡s¸Sm\pÅ ImcWw (Link : ÍÏæÏ. ) a\x]qÀÆw sImesb¶ AXn{Iaw ImcWamWv. F¶m AhnsS ÍßãÉ Bbn ]dbs¸Sp¶Xv P\PohnXw kpXmcyam¡pI F¶mWv. P\§Ä¡nSbn im´nbpw kam[m\hpw ]p\xkrjvSn¡Â Hcp JnkmkneqsS am{Xw km[yaÃtÃm.
F¶m Camw BapZn (d) bpw C_v\pÊp_vIn (d) bpw ÍßãÉ ¢n]vXhpw kv]jvShpamsW¦n ÍßãÉ ÚáÉ, Bhmsa¶pw AXv kv]jvShpw ¢n]vXhpasæn ]änsöpw ]dªn«pWvSv. (ÇáÇÍßÇã, ÇáÇÈÇåÇÌ áÇÈä ÇáÓÈßí )
Camw Kkmen (d), dmkn (d), C_v\pXoan¿, C_v\pJ¿nw XpS§nbhÀ \ncp]m[nIw ÍßãÉ ÚáÉ BImsa¶v A‘n{]mbs¸«n«pWvSv. “”bp² thfbn apkvenwIfn s]« Bsc¦nepw (ÍÏ ) in£ \nÀ_ÔamIp¶ (Link :. ÍÏæÏ. ) sXäv sNbvXm \nÀ¯n Zmdp lÀ_v (i{Xp\mSv) sh¨mWv C{]Imcw sXäv sNbXXmsW¦n in£ \S¸m¡m³ ]mSnsöv D]cypà ]WvUnXÀ ]dªn«pWvSv. in£ \S¸nem¡s¸Sphm³ i{Xp]£t¯¡v tNcm³ km[yXbpsWvS¶XmWv ÍßãÉ, Bbn ]dbs¸«n«pÅXv.
kv]jvShpw ¢n]vXhpamsW¦nepw lpIvant\mSv tbmPn¨pw tbmPn¡msXbpw ÓÈÈ (ImcWw) hcmw. lpIvant\mSv tbmPn¡mXncn¡p¶Xn\memWv ÚáÉ ambn ÓÈÈ hyXykvXamIp¶Xv.
ÚáÉ sâ iÀXzpIÄ
]WvUnXÀ ÚáÉ Hcp]mSv ÔÑØ IÄ ]dªn«pWvSv. Camw kÀ¡in (d) _lvdp aploYnepw Camw iuIm\n (d) ,,, epw ÚáÉ sâ Ccp]¯n\mtemfw iÀXzpIÄ ]dªn«pWvSv. Camw BapZo (d) 20Dw kzmln_p apkvenw 10 Dw iÀXzpIÄ AhcpsS {KÙ§fn F®nbn«pWvSv.
ÚáÉ hniZoIcn¡pt¼mgpWvSmb ‘n¶XbmWv iÀXzn h¶ hyXymk§Ä¡p ImcWw aZvl_pIÄ¡nSbn \S¶ ]ckv]c {]Xntcm[§fpw Xo{h NÀ¨Ifpw CXn\v ImcWambn ‘hn¨n«pWvSv.
Jnbmkn D¶X ioÀjcmb ]WvUnXcpsS A‘n{]mba\pkcn¨v ÚáÉ sâ iÀXzpIÄ FÃmw AI¸Sp¶ cq]¯n \ap¡n§s\ Npcp¡mw,
1. ÚáÉ kv]jvSambncn¡Â 2. ¢n]vXambncn¡Â 3. lpIvapt\mSv tbmPn¡Â 4. ÝÑÚ te¡v hn«v IS¡p¶Xmbncn¡Â 5.]cnKWn¡s¸Sp¶XmhÂ
1.kv]jvSamb hntijWambncn¡Â
akvAeIÄ¡nSbn GtIm]\{iaw \S¯p¶ apPvXlnZn\v ÚáÉ a\ÊnemIpw hn[w kv]jvSambncn¡Ww. Ip«nbpsS kzc¯n c£nXmhnsâ A[nImcw Øncs¸Sp¯p¶Xv “Ip«n¯hpw’ hyàn¡v A[nImcw e`n¡m³ ImcWw hnthIhpamsW¶v ]dbpw t]mse. ÚáÉ kv]jvSamb hntijWamsW¦n ÚáÉ Bhm³ Hcn¡epw tbmKyaÃ. DZmlcWambn I¨hS¯n DSaØmhImiw Hcmfn \n¶v asämcmfnte¡v \o¡p¶Xv {]kv]c Xr]vXnbmsW¶ t]mse. ChnsS Xr]vXn Akv]jvSamb hntijWambXn\m ÚáÉ BIm³ Hcn¡epw kuIcy{]ZaÃ. bYmÀ°¯n I¨hSs¯ Øm]n¡p¶Xv ÚáÉ (ÇíÌÇÈ ÞÈæá ) {Ibhn{Ib¯\v idAv \nPs¸Sp¯nb ]Z§tfmSv IqsSbpÅ ssIamäamWv. C¯cw Akv]jvSamb KthW§sf (ÇáæÕÝ ÇáÎÝí ) F¶v ]dbp¶p.
2. ¢n]vXamb hntijWambncn¡Â
hntij§Ä amdp¶X\pkcn¨v tIm«w ]äm¯ k¯bmbncn¡Ww . æÕÝ F¶mWv ¢n]vXs¯ sImWvSv Dt±in¡p¶Xv. ]t£, hntijybpambn At]£n¨v hntijW§Ä¡v Nnet¸mÄ hcm³ km[yXbpÅ sNdnb amä§Ä hntcm[n¡s¸Sm\pÅ ImcWamb _p²n£bw elcn ]ZmÀ°¯n\pw D]t‘màmhn\pa\pkcn¨v amdm³ km[yXbpWvStÃm. C¯cw hntijW¯n hcp¶ sNdnb amä§Ä ImcWw _p²n£bw GXv AfhnemsW¦nepw þelcn ]ZmÀ°§Ä þ iàn IqSnbmepw Ipdªmepw hntcm[n¡m\pff ÚáÉ F¶Xn\v XSÊamIp¶nÃ.
3. Íßã t\mSv tbmPn¡Â
ÚáÉ lpIvant\mSv tbmPn¡Â sImWvSv hnh£n¡p¶Xv ChcWvSpw tNcpt¼msgÃmw idAv aXhn[nIÄ \S¸m¡Â sImWvSv temI¯v Dt±yin¨ s]mXp \· (ãÕáÍÉ ) ( D]Imcw hcp¯epw D]{Zhw XSbepw) km[yamIp¶XmWv.
a\x]qÀÆw Hcmsf h[n¨m Jnkmkv \S¸nem¡p¶XneqsS ChnsS \ne\n¡p¶Xv kwc£W§fpw Pohc£bpamWv. AXpt]mse I«hsâ ssI apdn¡eneqsS Ckvemw e£yam¡p¶Xv Ifhv \nÀamÀP\hpw km¼¯nI kpc£nXXzhpamWv. Ahsâ kz¯v tamjvSn¨XmWv ChnsS in£m\S]Sn¡v ImcWw.
D]cypà DZmlcW§fn ÚáÉ amäw hcp¯pIbmsW¦n (Jnkmkv ImcWw ) ]pcpjs\t¶m, Idp¯hs\t¶m, shfp¯hs\t¶m ImcWw IsWvS¯nI, Ių Zcn{Z\mtWm IfhneqsS apX \jvSs¸«m [\nIs\t¶m ImcWw IsWvS¯pI, elcn ]ZmÀ°§Ä \ntcm[n¡Â ImcWw {]tXyIhmk\sbt¶m cpNnsbt¶m ImcWw {]tXyI hmk\sbt¶m cpNpsbt¶m ImcWw IsWvS¯pI ) \mw kq£n¸n¨ s]mXp\· ( ãÕáÍÉ ) \S¸nemhp¶nÃ.
4. ÝÑÚ te¡v hn«vIS¡p¶ hntijWambncn¡Â
ÝÑÚ s\ ÇÕá t\mSv tNÀ¡emWv Jnbmknsâ e£yw. ÇÕá, sâ ÚáÉ, ÝÑÚ te¡v IqSn tbmKyamIpt¼mgmWv tNÀ¡Â \nbahnt[bamIp¶Xv. AXn\m Xs¶ ÚáÉ, ÇÕá epw ÝÑÚ epw DÅ s]mXpLSIambncn¡Ww.
DZmlcWambn, cWvSmÄ Hcpans¨Sp¯ kz¯v HcmÄ Xsâ hnlnXw hn¡m³ Dt±in¨m ]¦pImc\v Xsâ Iq«pImc³ aq¶mas¯mcmÄ¡v \ÂIm³ Dt±in¨m t]mepw \nbahnt[bambn B ‘mKw (Iq«pImcsâ) hm§m³ AhImiapWvSv. (akvAe im^n aZvl_v {]ImcamWv. l\^n aZvl_v {]Imcw AbÂhmkn¡pw C{]Imcw kz¯v ssI]äm³ AhImiapWvSv). F¶m ]¦pImc\v AbÂhmknsb IqSmsX asämcmfnte¡v Cu AhImiw hn«pIS¡pIbnÃ. C¯cw ÚáÉ, Isf (ÇáÚáÉ ÇáÞÇÕÑÉ ) ÇÕá  \n¶v hn«v IS¡m¯ ÚáÉ IÄ F¶v ]dbp¶p.

5. ÚáÉ ]cnKW\obamhÂ
ZpÀ_es¸Sp¯p¶ sXfnhpIÄ CÃm¯ idC ]cnKW\obamb hntijWambncn¡Ww ÚáÉ . idA ]cnKW\obaÃm¯ æÕÝ Ifpw (äÕ FXncmbn hcpw t]mse) ÚáÉ, Bhm³ tbmKyaÃ.
DZmlcWambn B¬ Ip«nsbbpw s]¬Ip«nsbbpw Hcp]nXmhnsâ Ip«nIfmbncns¡ F¶ ImcWw \nc¯n A\´cmhImi kz¯n Xpeyam¡m³ ]mSnÃ. ImcWw JpÀB\n kv]jvSambn AÀYi¦¡nSbnÃmsX h¶n«pWvSv. “”\n§fpsS Ip«nIfn ]pcpj\v cWvSv kv{XoIfpsS hnlnXamIp¶p.’’ (\nkmAv: 11)
ÚáÉ Ifnte¡pÅ hgnIÄ
lpIvapIÄ¡v ÚáÉ IÄ F¯n¡s¸Sp¶Xv äÕ Â \nt¶m ÇÌãÇÚ Â \nt¶m apPvXlnZpIfpsS \nÀtem‘amb KthjW§fn \nt¶m BWv. hniZoIcWw NphsS tNÀ¡p¶p.
1) äÕ h¶ ÚáÉ IÄ
Hcp Íßã Nne hntijW§Ä ÚáÉ Ifmbn JpÀB\ptem lZokntem AhXcn¸n¡s¸«m A¯cw ÚáÉ Isf a³kpkv Bb ÚáÉ F¶v ]dbp¶p.
C¯cw ÚáÉ IÄ JpÀB\nepw lZoknepw kv]jvSamtbm kqN\m]camtbm kw‘hn¡mw
kv]jvSamb ÚáÉ IÄ
ImcWs¯ kqNn¸n¡m\p]tbmKn¡p¶ ]Z§tfmSv h¶ ÚáÉ IfmWv kv]jvSamb ÚáÉ IÄ (ÇáÚáÉ ßÐÇ, áÇÌá ßÐÇ, áÓÈÈ ßÐÇ, ßí )CXpt]mtem¯ ]Z§fmWv ImcWs¯ kqNn¸n¡m³ Ad_nbn hcmdpÅXv. bp²w IqSmsX¯s¶ i{Xp¡fn \n¶v e‘n¨ kz¯v (ÝíÆ ) AÃmlphn\pw dkqen\pw AKXnIÄ¡pw A\mYIÄ¡panSbn hn‘Pn¡Wsa¶Xn\v ImcWambn kz¯v [\mVyÀ¡nSbn am{Xw D]tbmIn¡s¸SmXncn¡m³ thWvSnsb¶v ßí F¶ {]tbmK¯neqsS AÃmlp AhXcn¸n¡p¶p.
\_n (k) ]dbp¶p: “” AhnlnXambXv ImWm³ km[yXbpÅXn\m Ahsâ ho«n {]thin¡pt¼mÄ k½Xw tNmZn¡pI’’ Cu ImcWs¯ kqNn¸n¡m³ ãä ÇÌá F¶ hm¡mWv {]tbmKn¨Xv.
kqN\m]cambn h¶ ÚáÉ
Hcp {]hÀ¯\s¯ Íßã (sXm«pSs\) F¶ÀYw e‘n¡p¶ ÝÇÁ hcnI, Íßã sâ IqsS ]dbs¸« ÚáÉ æÕÝ Asæn æÕÝ A\mhiyambn ]cnKWn¡s¸SpI (æÕÝ ImcWamsW¶v hyàam¡s¸SmXncn¡pIbpw thWw), cWvSv Íßã IÄ¡nSbn hyXymkw kqNn¸n¡m³ thWvSn ImcWw ]dbpI, C¯cw kµÀ‘§fnemWv ÚáÉ kqN\m]camIp¶Xv.
\_n (k) ]dbp¶p: “”t£m`n¨ncnt¡ Jmfn hn[n¡cpXv’’ ChnsS t£m`amWv hn[n¡v XSÊsa¶v \ap¡v A\pam\n¡mw. Asæn t£m`w lZokn htcWvSnbncp¶nÃ.
2þ ÇÌãÇÚ sImWvSv Øncs¸« ÚáÉ
ÇÌãÇÚ BWv Hcp ÚáÉ Øncs¸«m äÕ sImWvSv Øncs¸« t]mse¯s¶ B ÚáÉ B[mcam¡n Jnbmkm¡mhp¶XmWv, ÇÌãÇÚ sâ km[yXbpw km[pXbpw ap¼v \mw hnhcn¨phtÃm..
A\´ckz¯v e‘n¡p¶Xn acn¨bmfpsS amXmhpw ]nXmhpw H¶mb ktlmZcs\ ]nXmhn am{Xw H¯ ktlmZct\¡mÄ ap´n¡s¸SWw. ]nXmhpw amXmhpw H¶mb ktlmZc\mWv IpSpw_]cambn IqSpX ASp¸sa¶XmWv ÇÌãÇÚ eqsS ØncoIcn¡s¸«ImcWw. hnhmlw Ign¨v sImSp¡m\pÅ A[nImcw CXv t]mse¯s¶bmWv JnbmkneqsSbmWv cWvSmw akvAe Øncs¸«Xv.
3þ KthjW¯neqsS Øncs¸« ÚáÉ
äÕ eqsStbm ÇÌãÇÚ eqsStbm Øncs¸«nsæn ASp¯amÀ£w KthjW¯neqsS IsWvS¯pIbmsW¶XmWv. Íßã Øncs¸« akvAebnse hyXykvX hntijW§sf kw_Ôn¨v Kl\amb ]cntim[abneqsSbmWv apPvXlnZn\v ÚáÉ e‘n¡p¶Xv.
imJm]camb ]e hnjb§fnepw apPvXlnZpIÄ¡nSbn ‘n¶X cq]s¸«Xv CPvXmlnZneqsS IsWvS¯nb ÚáÉ IÄ hyXymks¸«XneqsSbmWv. Íßã H¶mIpt¼mgpw ÚáÉ Â sshhn[yw kw‘hn¡mw. ÚáÉ, te¡v F¯nt¨cm³ akvAenbpambn tbmPn¸v IsWvS¯m³ apPvXlnZpIÄ ]ehgnIfpw kzoIcn¨n«pWvSv. ( ÌãÚ ÇáÌæÇãÚ )
ÚáÉ Bbn hcp¶ hntijW§fpsS km[pX IsWvS¯m³ \nZm´ imkv{X]WvUnX·mÀ Ahewl_n¡p¶ coXnbmWv (ÇáÓíÑ æÇáÊÞÓíã . ) ÚáÉ Bhm³ ]äp¶ æÕÝ, IÄ Hcpan¨v Iq«n ]cntim[\v¡v tijw ,,, s\ am{Xw \ne\nÀ¯n _m¡nbpÅh Hgnhm¡pI.
DZmlcWw: tKmX¼v, _mÀen, Imc¡, D¸v XpS§nbhbn s]« H¶v AtX C\hpambn I¨hSw \S¯pt¼mÄ ]eni hcm³ km[yXbpWvSmbXn\m Xpeyamh \nÀ_ÔamWv. ]t£, ]enibmhm\pÅ ImcWw äÕ tem ÇÌãÇÚ tem hniZoIcn¡s¸«n«nÃ. HtcC\¯nÂs]«Xv, kq£ns¸Sp¶Xv, Af¡s¸Sp¶Xv, ‘£Wambn D]tbmKn¡s¸Sp¶Xv F¶n§s\ ]eImcW§fpw (ÚáÉ ) apPvXlnZpIÄ IsWvS¯nbn«pWvSv. Camw im^n (d) ‘£Wambn D]tbmKn¡s¸Sp¶Xv F¶ ÚáÉ BWv ChnsS kzoIcn¨n«pÅXv. B ASnØm\¯nemWv ‘£y hkvXp¡sf ta hnhcn¡s¸« hkvXp¡tfmSv alm\hÀIÄ Jnbmkm¡nbXv.